Don’t overlook the importance of KPIs in AI/ML projects

This is an excerpt of the original article. It was written for the September-October 2021 edition of Supply Chain Management Review. The full article is available to current subscribers.

September-October 2021

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Artificial Intelligence  and Machine Learning (ML) are affecting many areas of supply chain management, including the use of key performance indicators (KPIs).

As critical measures of operational performance, KPIs are fundamental to the efficiency of supply chains. Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) can reshape the way KPIs are chosen and applied and facilitate the development of new ones. KPIs also play an important role in guiding AI/ML projects to successful outcomes.

The role of KPIs

In AI, an algorithm or robot performs cognitive functions that are typically associated with the human mind, such as learning or interacting with the environment. These algorithms or robots require anchor points when analyzing a situation or process.

KPIs provide the anchor points in AI/ML projects by helping to define what outcomes we should expect when using the models to, say, improve a supply chain process. In that regard, the aggregated layers of KPIs provide a structure for decision-making and become critical to the success of the project.

Performance indicators also anchor the complex data sets that AI/ML models analyze and interpret. This is particularly important when the objective is the digital transformation of the supply chain, projects that typically draw data from many disparate sources.

These layers of data represent different units and entities and must be connected end-to-end if the project is to achieve its goals. An example of such a unit is an SKU, which may be represented in terms of how it is manufactured, which logistics services provider delivers it over the last mile or even the contracts that frame these services. Because performance is measured in these different contexts, a KPI, or anchor point, ties the multiple data layers together.

Think of streams of data as strands that run through the end-to-end supply chain to form a multi-layered fabric. The KPIs are like buttons or fasteners that link the different layers together.

Linking AI/ML with KPIs

AI/ML coupled with performance indicators can be a powerful combination when the goal is to improve a supply chain process or achieve across-the-board efficiencies.

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